Aananda Bhairavi begins around the twentieth minute !
Anandabhairavi
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For the 2004 film, see Anandabhairavi (2004 film). For the 2007 film, see Anandabhairavi (2007 film).
Carnatic Music
Concepts
Sruti • Swara • Raga • Tala • Melakarta • Asampurna Melakarta
Compositions
Varnam • Kriti • Geetham • Swarajati • Ragam Thanam Pallavi • Thillana
Instruments
melody: Vocals • Saraswati veena • Venu • Violin • Chitra veena • Nadaswaram • Mandolin
rhythm: Mridangam • Ghatam • Morsing • Kanjira • Thavil
drone: Tambura • Shruti box
Composers
List of Carnatic composers
Anandabhairavi or Ananda Bhairavi (pronounced Änandabhairavi) is a very old melodious rÄgam (musical scale) of Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). This rÄgam has been used even in Indian folk music. Ä€nandam (Sanskrit) means happiness and the rÄgam brings a happy mood to the listener.
It is a janya rÄgam (derived scale) of the 20th Melakarta rÄgam Natabhairavi[1] [2], although some suggest that it is janya of 22nd melakarta Kharaharapriya.
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure and Lakshana
2 Swara phrases
3 Popular Compositions
4 References
[edit] Structure and Lakshana
Parent scale Natabhairavi with shadjam at C
Its Ärohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on the notations used):
Ärohaṇa : S G2 R2 G2 M1 P D2 P S
avarohaṇa : S N2 D2 P M1 G2 R2 S
(chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham, kaisiki nishadham)
It is a sampoorna rÄgam – rÄgam having all 7 swarams, but it is not a melakarta rÄgam, as it has vakra prayogam (zig-zag notes in scale) and uses anya swaram (external note) in comparison with its parent rÄgam. The anya swaram is the usage of chathusruthi dhaivatham (D2) in some phrases of the rÄgam[1].
It is vakra rÄgam since its arohana is not in proper sequence. Its arohana is “sa ga ri ga ma pa da pa sa” (“ga” comes before “ri” and after “pa” comes after “da”). These two technicalities makes this rÄgam vakram but only in arohana. In avarohana it is normal, that is “sa ni da pa ma ga ri sa”.
Anandabhairavi ragam is also a bhashanga rÄgam, since it uses more than one anya swaram. Anya swaram of a rÄgam is the swaram which does not belong to the arohana or avarohana of its melakarta (Tamil: thÄi – parent) rÄgam but it is sung in prayogams (phrases used in raga alapana, kalpanaswarams).
[edit] Swara phrases
The three anya swarams of Anandabhairavi are antara gandharam (G3), chathusruthi dhaivatham (D2) and kakali nishadham (N3)[1]. But all these anya swaras occur only in prayogas (not in arohana avarohana). “G3” occurs in “ma pa ma ga ga ma”, “D2” occurs in “ga ma pa da”. Generally “N3” is not sung these days. It is said that Tyagaraja and Muthuswami Dikshitar do not use any of the anya swarams in their compositions.
Anandabhairavi also has unique swara patterns both in manodharma (impromptu improvisations by performer) and in its compositions. The popular patterns are SGGM, SP, and SGMP. The musician isn’t allowed to stay long on nishadam, this characteristic distinguishes it from Reetigowla. Few allied ragas (similar) to this are Reetigowla and Huseni.
[edit] Popular Compositions
Anandabhairavi is one of the favourite ragams of Syama Sastri. He is said to have made this a popular rÄgam and also to have given the present form for this rÄgam[1]. More or less Anandabhairavi’s synonym is “Marivere gati” by Syama Sastri. In “Mariverae” and in “O jagadhamba” Syama Sastri uses the anya swara “ga(2)”.
Marivere Gati and O jagadhamba by Syama Sastri
Maanasa guruguha, Kamalamba Samrakshatu and Thyagaraja yoga vaibhavam by Muthuswami Dikshitar
Samaganapriye by Periyasaamy Thooran
Nike Teliyaka in Adi thalam by Thyagaraja
Paluke Bangaru by Ramadas
iTTi muddulADibAluDeDavADe by Annamacharya
kaMTi SukravAramu by Annamacharya
rAmabhadra raghuvIra by Annamacharya
[edit] References
^ a b c d Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
^ Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
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